Published ecological information on Latin American coasts is scarce, despite the growing need for a comprehensive examination of coastal processes on a global s

Coastal and marine ecosystems, some severely degraded, other still pristine, control rich resources of inshore environments and coastal seas of Latin America's

All coastal areas are facing a growing range of stresses and shocks, the scale of which now poses threats to the resilience of both human and environmental coas

This second edition provides extensively expanded coverage of North American vegetation from arctic tundra to tropical forests.

Protection of the environment has nowadays become a major challenge and a condi tion for survival of future human generations and life on Earth in general. Yet