Games and Pastimes of the Maori

Book excerpt: Military exercises & games viewed as useful training (School of arms = Para whakawai ; Wrestling = Whatoto, Takaro mamau ; Boxing = Whawhai mekemeke ; Jumping = Kairerere, Takaro tupeke ; Foot racing = Takaro omaoma, Ti rakau ; Slinging = Tipao, Kotaha ; Tree climbing, etc. = Piki rakau) Tipao, Kotaha ; Tree climbing, etc. = Piki rakau) -- Aquatic games & pastimes (Swimming = Kau whakataetae ; Surf riding = Whakaheke ngaru ; The water jump = Kokiri, Ruku ; The waterside swing = Moari, Morere ; Canoe racing = Waka hoehoe). Games requiring agility or manual dexterity (Jackstones = Koruru ; Dart throwing = Toro teka, Ti ringa ; Cats cradle = Whai patokotoko ; Posture dances = Haka) -- Games & pastimes requiring calculation, mental alertness or memorising powers (Draughts = Mu torere ; Riddles, etc. = Kai ; Word play, etc. = Rotarota ; Story telling = Korero tara). Games & pastimes of children (Kite flying = Manu tukutuku ; Stilt walking = Pou toti ; Tobogganing = Horua, Reti ; Swinging = Tarere, Pioi ; Skipping = Piu ; Top spinning = Ta potaka ; Hoops = Pirori ; Hide & seek = Taupunipuni, Wi, Tatau manawa, Poroteteke, Topa or Koke ; Jumping jack = Karetao ; Stone bowls = Upokotiti, Tarakoekoea, Hapi tawa, Kura-winiwini) -- Introduced games -- Maori songs & Maori singing -- Musical instruments -- List of Maori games, toys, musical instruments.