By the 1980s the Soviet scientific establishment had become the largest in the world, but very little of its history was known in the West. What has been needed

A major new contribution to understanding the transition of Soviet society from Stalinism to a more humane model of socialism.

In the years since the first edition of the "Guide" was published, the research institutions of the academies of sciences of the USSR and the republics have und

From its very beginnings Western scholarly writing on Soviet science has been largely contextual in orientation, with particular attention given to the institut