Hundreds of thousands of British and Irish men, women, and children crossed the Atlantic during the seventeenth century as indentured servants. Many had agreed

White Cargo is the forgotten story of the thousands of Britons who lived and died in bondage in Britain's American colonies. In the seventeenth and eighteenth c

Examines the origin, working conditions, and eventual fate of indentured servants in America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

From 1609 until well after the founding of the Republic, half of all the colonists who came to America did so under some form of involuntary labor. Author John