Pacyga chronicles more than a century of immigration, and later emigration back to Poland, showing how the community has continually redefined what it means to

At least nine million Americans trace their roots to Poland, and Polish Americans have contributed greatly to American history and society. During the largest p

William Hal Gorby's study of Wheeling's Polish community weaves together stories of immigrating, working, and creating a distinctly Polish American community, o

The Polish American community has long been identified with three characteristics that the early immigrants brought with them to America, writes Pula: "an affec

Considering the two distinct Polish immigrant groups after World War II - the Polish-American descendants of pre-war ecomomic migrants and polish refugees fleei